Raymond Kurzweil
Life, inventions and careers
Biography
Ray Kurzweil grew up in New York City neighborhood of Queens. He born to secular Jewish parents who fled Austria just before the start of the Second World War, and it has been exposed by the universalism Unitarian to the diversity of religious faiths during his upbringing. His father was a musician and composer and his mother was a visual artist. His uncle, an engineer at Bell Labs, has taught young Ray the basics of computing. In his youth he was an avid reader of science fiction literature. In 1963, fifteen years, he wrote his first computer program. Designed to handle the data, the program has been used by researchers from IBM. Later in high school, he created a sophisticated pattern recognition software, which analyzed the works of classical composers and then synthesized his own songs in similar styles. The capabilities of this invention were so impressive that in 1965 he was invited to appear on the CBS television program I've Got a Secret, where he performed a piano piece that was composed by a computer, he also built. Later that year he won the first prize at the International Fair of Sciences of the invention, and it has also been recognized by the talent search Westinghouse and was personally congratulated by President Lyndon B. Johnson during a White House ceremony.
Half Life
In 1968, during his second year at MIT, Kurzweil started a company that used a computer program to match high school students with colleges. The program, called Select College Consulting Program, was designed by him and compared thousands of different criteria on each college of the questionnaire responses submitted by each prospective student. When he was 20, he sold the company to Harcourt, Brace & World for $ 100,000 (approximately $ 500,000 in 2006 dollars) plus royalties. He received a BS in computer science and literature in 1970 from MIT.
In 1974, Kurzweil started Kurzweil Computer Products Company, Inc. and led the development program of the first omni-font optical character recognition system computer can recognize text written in any normal font. Before that time, scanners were only able to read a written text a few fonts. It decided that the best application of this technology to create a reading machine, which would include the blind written text having a computer read aloud. However, this device is the invention of two enabling technologieshe CCD flatbed scanner and text-to-speech. Under his leadership, the development of these technologies has been completed, and January 13, 1976, the finished product was unveiled at a conference News headed by him and leaders of the National Federation of the Blind. Called the Kurzweil Reading Machine, the device covers an entire table. He has earned the public recognition: the day of the inauguration of the machine, Walter Cronkite used the machine to give his SoundOff signature, "and this is the way which is January 13, 1976. "Listening to the Today Show, the musician Stevie Wonder heard a demonstration of the device and bought the first final version of the Kurzweil Reading Machine, the beginning of a long friendship between himself and Kurzweil.
According to former employees of Kurzweil Computer Products, Kurzweil Reading Machine designer was engineer Richard Brown, an employee of KCP at the time.
Kurzweil next major project business began in 1978, when Kurzweil Computer Products began selling a commercial version of the computer program optical character recognition. LexisNexis is a the first customers, and purchased the program to download and legal paper on its new online databases nascent.
Two years later, Kurzweil sold his company to Xerox, which has an interest in the marketing of paper in addition to computer text conversion. Kurzweil Computer Products became Xerox subsidiary formerly known as ScanSoft and Nuance Communications now, and he worked as a consultant for the former until 1995.
Kurzweil Next business enterprise has been in the technology of electronic music. After a meeting in 1982, with Stevie Wonder, in which the latter deplored the gap in capabilities and qualities of electronic synthesizers and traditional musical instruments, Kurzweil has been inspired to create a new generation of music synthesizers capable of faithfully reproducing the sounds of real instruments. Kurzweil Music Systems was founded the same year and in 1984, the Kurzweil K250 was revealed. The machine was able to imitate a number of instruments, Musician and tests were unable to discern the difference between the K250 piano Kurzweil on how a normal grand piano. Registration and mixing capabilities of the machine, combined with its ability to mimic different instruments allowed for a single user to compose and play a song whole orchestra.
Kurzweil Music Systems was sold to Korean musical instrument manufacturer Young Chang in 1990. As with Xerox, Kurzweil has remained as consultant for several years.
EOL
Along with Kurzweil Music Systems, Ray Kurzweil has founded the company Kurzweil Applied Intelligence (KAI) to develop speech recognition systems for commercial purposes. The first product, which began in 1987, was the first program large vocabulary speech recognition, which allows users to dictate to the man of their computers via the microphone and the device to transcribe their words into text writing. Later, the company combined technology with voice recognition systems medical experts to create the Kurzweil VoiceMed (now called Clinical Reporter) products online, enabling doctors to write medical reports by speaking instead of writing. KAI is today like Nuance Communications.
Kurzweil Educational Systems Kurzweil began in 1996 to develop new computer technologies for pattern recognition to help people with disabilities such as blindness, dyslexia and ADD in school. Products include the program Kurzweil 1000 text-to-speech software conversion, which allows a computer to read electronic texts and digitized aloud to blind or visually impaired users, and the Kurzweil 3000 program, which is a multiple electronic learning aid to reading, writing and study skills.
Raymond Kurzweil Singularity Summit at Stanford in 2006
During the 1990s, Ray Kurzweil has founded the Medical Learning Company. Products the company included an interactive computer program for teaching physicians and a computer-simulated patient. Around the same time, Kurzweil Site KurzweilCyberArt.com began with computer programs to facilitate the process of artistic creation. The site used to offer downloads a free program called AARON visual art synthesizer developed by Harold Cohennd of "Kurzweil Cybernetic Poet," which automatically creates poetry. During this period he also began KurzweilAI.net, a website devoted to highlighting news of scientific developments, to disseminate the ideas of thinkers of high technology and critical, and to promote discussion futuristic linked in the general population through Mind-X forum.
In 1999, Kurzweil created a hedge fund called "FatKat" (faster financial transactions and Kurzweil Adaptive Technologies) http://www.fatkat.com, which began operations in 2006. He said the ultimate goal is to improve program performance Fatkat AI software investment, strengthening its ability to recognize patterns in "currency fluctuations and changes in stocks property. "He predicted in his 1999 book, The Age of Spiritual Machines, that computers will one day be superior to the best minds of man to make financial decisions for profitable investment. In 2001, Canadian rock band Our Lady Peace released an album, Spiritual Machines based on the book by Kurzweil. Kurzweil voice was featured in the album, reading excerpts from his book.
In June 2005, Ray Kurzweil introduced the "Kurzweil-National Federation of the Blind Reader" (K-NFB Reader) handheld device consists of a digital camera and the computer unit. As Kurzweil Reading Machine for almost 30 years before, the K-NFB Reader is designed to help blind people by reading a written text aloud. The new machine is portable and text analysis of images of digital cameras, while the older machine is large and the analysis of text using Flatbed.
Ray Kurzweil is currently making a film released in 2010 called The Singularity is Near: A True Story about the future based, in part, on his 2005 book The Singularity Is Near. fiction, part non-fiction, he interviews 20 big thinkers like Marvin Minsky, the more a narrative line B which shows some ideas, where a computer avatar (Ramona) saves the world from self-replicating microscopic robots.
In addition to Kurzweil's movie, an organization independent feature documentary was made about Kurzweil, his life and his ideas called Transcendent rights. Filmmakers Barry and Felicia Ptolemy followed Kurzweil, documenting his world tour. Created in 2009 at the Tribeca Film Festival, Man Ray documents transcendent quest to reveal the ultimate fate of humanity and explores many ideas in his bestseller The New York Times book, The Singularity is Near, including his concept of exponential growth, expansion living radical, and how we will overcome our biology. The stated aim Ptolemies documented Back to Ray's late father used AI. The film also has its detractors who argue against the predictions of Kurzweil.
Kurzweil said during an interview C-SPAN2 in 2006 he was working on a new book that focused on the internal workings of the human brain and how it could be applied to construction of Amnesty International.
While being interviewed for February 1, 2009 Rolling Stone magazine, Kurzweil expressed the desire to build a genetic copy of her late father, Fredric Kurzweil, DNA in its place of burial. This feat was achieved by deploying various nanobots send DNA samples from the tomb, the construction of a clone of Fredric and retrieval of memories and recollectionsrom MindFit Ray's father.
Books
Kurzweil's first book, The Age of Intelligent Machines, was published in 1990. The documentary work covers the history of computing and AI also makes predictions about the likely future. Other experts in the field of AI contribute heavily to the work in the form of tests. The Association of American Publishers' awarded it the status of Most Outstanding Computer Science Book of 1990.
Then, Kurzweil published a book on nutrition in 1993 called the 10% solution for a healthy life. main idea of the book is that high levels of fat intake are the cause of many health problems common to the United States, and therefore the consumption of fat reduction to 10% of total calories would be optimal for most people.
In 1998, Ray Kurzweil published The Age of Spiritual Machines, which focuses more heavily on the elucidation of his theories on the future technology, which themselves are derived from its analysis of long-term trends in biological evolution and technological. Much focus is examining the probable development of AI, and the future of computer architecture.
Kurzweil next book published in 2004, returns on the topic of human health and nutrition. Fantastic Voyage: Live Long Enough to Live Forever was co-written by Kurzweil and Terry Grossman, a physician and specialist alternative medicine.
The Singularity Is close was published in 2005. The book is being done in a movie with Pauley Perrette (NCIS) and output scheduled for 2010.
In February 2007, Ptolemaic Productions acquired the rights to the singularity is near, The Age of Spiritual Machines, and Fantastic Voyage, including rights to life and Kurzweil's ideas for the film's transcendent man. The feature documentary was directed by Barry Ptolemy.
Kurzweil's latest book, Transcend: Nine steps to living well Forever, a review of Fantastic Voyage, was released April 28, 2009.
The book, he currently working on is called "How the mind works and how to build one."
Recognition and Awards
Kurzweil has called the successor and "rightful heir to Thomas Edison, and has also been mentioned by Forbes magazine as" the thinking machine ultimate. "
Kurzweil has received these awards, including:
First place in the International Fair of 1965 for the invention of the science of music classical synthesis by computer.
In 1978 Grace Murray Hopper Award from the Association for Computing Machinery. The award is presented annually to an "excellent young computer professional "and is accompanied by a cash prize of $ 35,000. Ray Kurzweil has won for his invention of the Kurzweil Reading Machine.
The 1990 "Engineer of the Year "award from Design News.
1994 Dickson Prize in Science. It is awarded each year by the Carnegie Mellon people who have "advanced the particular field of science." two medals and a prize of $ 50,000 are awarded to winners.
In 1998, "Inventor of the Year "award by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
The 1999 National Medal of Technology. This is the highest honor the President United States may not grant to individuals and groups to test new technologies, and the President of the exemption at its discretion award. Bill Ray Kurzweil presented Clinton with the National Medal of Technology during a White House ceremony, in recognition of the development of Kurzweil Technologies Information to help people with disabilities.
The 2000 Telluride Tech Festival Award of Technology. Two other individuals also received the same honor this year. The prize is awarded annually to people who "exemplify the life, times and the level of contribution of Tesla, Westinghouse and Nunn.
In 2001, Lemelson-MIT price for a lifetime of developing technologies to help people with disabilities and enrich the arts. One is reserved each year a great success, the inventors to mid-career. A prize of $ 500,000 accompanies the award.
Kurzweil was inducted into the National Inventors of Fame in 2002 for inventing the Kurzweil Reading Machine. The organization "pays tribute to women and men responsible for great technological advances that make human, social and economic progress possible. "Fifteen others were inducted into the Hall of Fame the same year.
The Arthur C. Clarke Lifetime Achievement Award April 20, 2009 for lifetime achievement as an inventor and futurist in computer technology.
In 2008, the Arizona-based experimental band "The Singularity Is Near" was formed, later changing their name to "Ray Kurzweil Face "In 2009. They are now regarded as one of the most influential music of Arizona in recent years, awareness Ray about changing the world of ideas and inventions, specifically how humans relate to technology and the universe in the 4060 years.
Kurzweil has received honorary doctorates of sixteen that many institutions:
Degree Type
College
Year awarded
Ph.D. Honorary Humanities
Hofstra University
1982
An honorary doctorate of music
Berklee College of Music
1987
Honorary Doctorate Science
Northeastern
1988
Honorary Doctor of Science
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
1988
Honorary Doctor of Engineering
Merrimack College
1989
Honorary Doctor of Letters
Misericordia University
1989
Honorary Doctorate of Science
Institute of Technology NJ
1990
Honorary Doctor of Science
Queens College, City University of New York
1991
Honorary Doctorate of Science
Dominican College
1993
Honorary Doctor of Humanities
Michigan State University
2000
Honorary Doctor of Humanities
Landmark College
2002
Honorary Doctor of Science
Worcester Polytechnic Institute
2005
Honorary Doctorate of Science
DePaul University
2006
Honorary Doctorate in
Bloomfield College
2007
Honorary Doctorate of Science
McGill
2008
Honorary Doctor of Science
University Clarkson
2009
Involvement with Futurism and Transhumanism
This section is written like a personal reflection or essay and may require cleaning. Please help improve it by rewriting it in encyclopedic style. (June 2009)
After several years to closely monitor trends in the computer and machine industries, Kurzweil came to a realization: the rate of innovation computer technology is increasing non-linear, but rather exponentially. With this, Kurzweil formed a method of predicting the evolution technology. As a computer scientist, Kurzweil has also realized that there was no technical reason that this type of growth performance could not continue in the 21st century.
Since growth in many areas of science and technology depends on computing power, such improvements lead to improvements in human knowledge and non-computer science such as nanotechnology, biotechnology and materials science. Considering the exponential growth of computing capabilities over, it means a lot of new technologies will be available well before the majority of intuitively think peopleho linearly advancexpect about technology. This basic idea is expressed by Kurzweil "law of accelerating returns".
Kurzweil projects that between now and 2050 will be medical advances allow people to extend their shelf life dramatically while maintaining and even improving the quality life as they age. The aging process can be slow at first, then stopped, then reversed that new and better medical technologies become available. Kurzweil argues that much of this is thanks to medical advances of nanotechnology, which allow microscopic machines travel through his body and repair all types of damage at the cellular level. But the change will occur as a result also the field of computers as they become more powerful, numerous and cheap between now and 2050. Kurzweil predicts that computer will pass the Turing Test in 2029, proving to have a mind (intelligence, consciousness of self, the emotional richness) indistinguishable from a human. He predicted that the first AI is built around a computer simulation of a human brain, which is made possible by the previous brainscanning Nanotech-tours. A machine can process the AI comprehensive range of human intellectual tasks and would be both emotional and self-consciousness. Kurzweil suggests that AIS will inevitably become much more intelligent and more powerful than the UN Human strengthened. He suggested that the AIS exhibit moral thought and respect for their human ancestors. According to his estimates, the line between humans and machines will blur as a natural part technological change. Cybernetic implants will greatly improve the cognitive abilities of human and physical interface and enable directly between humans and machines.
Kurzweil is standing as a leading futurist and transhumanist earned him important positions in relevant organizations:
In December 2004, Kurzweil joined the advisory board of the Singularity Institute for Artificial Intelligence.
In October 2005, Kurzweil joined the board Scientific Advisory Rescue Foundation.
On May 13, 2006, Kurzweil was the first speaker at the Summit of the Stanford University Singularity.
In February 2009, Kurzweil, in collaboration with Google and NASA Ames Research Center, announced the creation of Singularity University. Mission describes itself University is to "unite, educate and inspire a team of leaders who seek to understand and facilitate the development of exponentially advancing technologies and to apply direct the activities of these tools to meet the great challenges to humanity. "using the concept of Kurzweil singularity as a foundation, the University, the first class of 40 students began their graduate program for nine weeks in June 2009, offers students the skills and tools to guide the process of singularity "for the benefit of humanity and its environment. Singularity U includes interdisciplinary studies in ten different scientific and possible future, taught by industry experts.
Pit Nanotechnology
Wikinews has related news:
Climate change
Kurzweil is the Army Science Advisory Board, has testified before the Congress on the theme of nanotechnology, and sees great potential in science to solve significant global problems like poverty, disease, climate change and to know. Nanotech could make global warming a Big Chill (July 2006).
He predicted nanobots will be used to keep the human body and expand the human resources life.
Kurzweil has highlighted the extreme dangers of potential nanotechnology, but argued that in practice, progress can be stopped, and any attempts to delay the progress of defense technologies and beneficial more than malicious, which increases the danger. He says that the place of regulation is to progress the product safely and quickly. Applies reasoning to biotechnology, artificial intelligence and technology in general. [Citation needed]
The Law of Accelerating Returns
Main article: Accelerating Change
In his controversial 2001 essay "The Law of Accelerating Returns," Kurzweil proposes an extension Moore's Law, which forms the basis of the concept of "technological Singularity."
Predictions
Main article: The predictions made by Raymond Kurzweil
This section may contain original research. Please improve it by checking the claims and references added. Statements containing only original research may be deleted. More details can be found on the talk page. (December 2007)
The Age of Intelligent Machines
Without doubt, Kurzweil developed a large amount of credibility as a futurist from his first book Age of Intelligent Machines. It was written 1986-1989 and published in 1990. Building upon Ithiel de Sola Pool, "Technologies of Freedom" (1983), Kurzweil forecast the demise of the Soviet Union because of new technologies like cell phones and fax machines disempowering authoritarian governments by removing state control over the flow of information. In the book Kurzweil also extrapolated pre-existing trends to improve software performance failures to correctly predict that computers can beat the best players of the man in 1998 and probably in the same year. In fact, the event took place in May 1997 when the world chess champion Garry Kasparov was released PC IBM Deep Blue in a highly publicized chess tournament. Perhaps most importantly, Kurzweil foresaw the explosive growth of the use Internet in the world that began in the 1990s. At the time of the publication of The Age of Intelligent Machines, there were only 2.6 million users Internet worldwide, and support was unreliable, difficult to use, and low in content, which Kurzweil achieve its future potential in particular prescient, given the limitations of technology at the time. He also said that the Internet would explode not only in the number users but in content and eventually give them access "to international networks of libraries, databases and information services. In addition, Kurzweil correctly foresaw that the preferred method of accessing the Internet would inevitably wireless systems, and it also had reason to believe that it would become practical for widespread use in the early 21st century.
Kurzweil also predict precision that, by the late 1990s, many documents that exist only in computers and the Internet, and they are commonly be integrated with sounds, animations and videos that may hinder their transfer to the paper. In addition, it provided that the phones cells would grow in popularity, while reducing the size for the foreseeable future.
The Age of Spiritual Machines
In 1999, Kurzweil published a second book titled The Age of Spiritual Machines, which gives more depth in explaining his futuristic ideas. The third and final section the book is devoted to the elucidation of specific courses of technological Kurzweil predicts the world will experience during the next century. Entitled "To face the future", the section is divided into four chapters respectively named "2009", "2019", "2029", and "2099". In each chapter, Kurzweil makes predictions about what life and technology will be like this year.
Although the veracity Kurzweil's predictions beyond 2009 may not yet be determined, most of the ideas of "2009" chapter were discussed. To begin, Kurzweil argues that 2009 would be a transition year has continued as memory of the computer fully electronic continued to replace rotation of the old memory seems to be belied by the continuing rapid growth in hard disk capacity and unit sales, while flash drives large capacity are not yet taken in high-volume applications. However, storage in solid form is the preferred means storage in low-volume applications such as MP3 players, portable game consoles, cell phones and digital cameras. Many companies to produce a disc with 256 GB solid state for use in laptops and desktops, but these discs will cost more than $ 600, making storage cost them about five times the price of storage on the hard drive comparable. On the other hand, Kurzweil correctly foresaw the growing ubiquity of access wireless Internet and wireless computer devices. Perhaps more important, Kurzweil presaged the explosive growth of file sharing peer-to-peer and the emergence of the Internet as an important means for trade and access to such media as film, television, the newspapers and magazines of text and music. He also said that the computer chips in three dimensions is commonly used in 2009 (much more, "2-D" chips would still predominate). But even if IBM has recently developed the technology necessary to stack chips and announced plans to begin chips use three-dimensional in its supercomputers and wireless communication applications, the chip stacking technology remains a small volume in 2009.
Singularity is close
Although this book focuses on the future of technology and the human race as did The Age of Intelligent Machines and The Age of Spiritual Machines, Kurzweil is very little concrete, predicted short-term in the singularity is near, even if longer-term visions are present in abundance. He recently discussed the singularity with Vice Magazine and was filmed for a documentary on the network online magazine VBS.tv.
Work on nutrition, health and lifestyle
Ray Kurzweil admits that he was not worried about his health until the age of 35, when he was diagnosed with impaired glucose tolerance, an early form of type II diabetes (a major risk factor for heart disease). Kurzweil subsequently found a doctor who shares his unconventional beliefs to develop a scheme involving extreme hundreds of pills, chemical treatments iv, red wine and various other methods to try to live more.
Kurzweil believes that radical technological progress made throughout the 21st century will ultimately lead to the discovery means to reverse the aging process, cure any disease, injury and repair of irreparable now. Kurzweil has thus increased following a lifestyle designed to enhance its chances of living to see the day when science can make immortal. Kurzweil calls this bridge "Bridge a bridge "Strategy: The first bridge is the life pattern of Kurzweil, while the second and third bridges are based on peak biotechnology and nanotechnology, respectively, which have not yet been invented. Kurzweil believes that they allow life expectancy gradually developed from human immortality and the successful implementation of the first "bridge" can now reach the second in the future which then allows to reach the third.
Some elements of lifestyle are classic Kurzweil. He exercises often do not eat to excess, and not to abuse recreational drugs. Many others, however, are controversial and may be explained by his obsession with life as long as possible. Kurzweil ingests "250 supplements, eight to 10 glasses of alkaline water and 10 cups of green tea" every day and drink several glasses of red wine per week in an effort to "reprogram" his biochemistry. Lately, he has reduced the number of pills to supplement 150.
Although is not supported by science, Kurzweil and many others believe the consumption of large quantities of water needed for flushing toxins from the body, and that alkaline water helps the body to preserve important enzymes used to neutralize the acid metabolic wastes. For this reason, Kurzweil soft drinks and coffee horror, which are both acid. Kurzweil believes that acidic drinks drain reserves detoxifying enzyme. Kurzweil taken criticism from nutritionists and scientists to defend the benefits of alkaline water health and other alleged unconventional beliefs, and he has responded to this information via the Internet. Green tea and red wine contains antioxidants that neutralize free radicals. Kurzweil also consumes red wine, because it contains resveratrol compound, which may help fight heart disease, according to some evidence, but it is also an enhancer of breast cancers may prove to outweigh any benefits offered. Kurzweil also taking pills containing high concentrations of the chemical, because amounts in red wine is extremely contradictory.
On weekends, Kurzweil also undergoes intravenous transfusions of chemical cocktails in a clinic which according to him, reprogram his biochemistry. It regularly measures the chemical composition of his own bodily fluids, undergoes medical examinations of first refusal for many diseases and disorders, and keeps detailed records on the content of every meal he eats. On this last note, Kurzweil only eats organic foods low glycemic load and says that it has been years since he last consumed anything containing sugar. Kurzweil believes food rich in sugars and carbohydrates to be in poor health because they add levels of glucose and insulin in the blood, leading to problems health long term. He eats mostly vegetables instead, lean meats, tofu, and low glycemic load carbohydrates, and uses as extra-virgin olive oil in cooking. Kurzweil also diligently eating foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids (including small, wild salmon).
In addition, Kurzweil has made it a priority to get enough sleep for physical and psychological health, and it keeps stress levels low in part by meditation, and massage weekly. He exercises daily with walking, cycling and using workout machines, but advises against the forms high-impact exercise. Kurzweil argues that his painstaking efforts have yielded positive results, showing his business partner of vitamins and sales argues that his "biological age" is more than a decade younger than his chronological age. In fact, Kurzweil says that its system of personal health has actually slowed its pace of aging. It also calls for maintaining a low body weight below the average for the reasons he gives some of the benefits of life extension of total caloric restriction.
Kurzweil joined the Alcor Life Extension Foundation, a cryonics company. In the case of his death, the body will Kurzweil chemically preserved, frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at a facility in the hope that Alcor Future medical technology will be able to revive him.
Kurzweil is the author of three books on the subject of nutrition, health and immortality: solution at 10% for a healthy life, Fantastic Voyage: Live Long Enough to Live Forever and transcend: Nine Steps to Forever Living Well. In all, he recommends that other people imitate his health practices, to the best of their abilities.
Kurzweil and his current "anti-aging" doctor, Terry Grossman, MD., Have now two websites to promote their first book, and secondly, and sells its products' longevity, many of which are on sites medical alert scam.
Position on religion
Although his parents were Jewish Kurzweil, they raised him as a Unitarian, and exposed to many faiths different during his youth. Kurzweil gave a keynote address at the 2007 United Church of Christ in Hartford, Connecticut, along with Barack Obama, who was then a candidate for the presidency. In the singularity is near, he expresses the need for a new religion based on the principle mutual respect between the sentient life forms, and the principle of respect for knowledge. This religion would not be a leader, instead being purely personal members.
According to Kurzweil's main role that traditional religion is rationalizationhat deathist is rationalizing the tragedy of death as a good thing. To benefit from what can make the singularity, we must overcome our rationalization deathist. We need the traditional religion scanning our road.59]
"The religious tradition could help reduce the technological innovation, transhumanists accuse religious representatives to take an interest in coming issues of death and immortality. One of the obstacles to advance to the cybernetic immortality is religion, they say. Religion is in the path. Religion threatens to block progress. Because religion has always sought to provide a palliative for people facing death. Religion brings acceptance of death, and comfort that acceptance. Ready for battle with traditional religion in a Promethean style Kurzweil wants to defy death and the use of nanotechnology as a weapon to conquer death. "
Critical
Beyond philosophical arguments about whether a machine can "think" (see artificial intelligence, philosophy), Kurzweil's ideas have generated much criticism within the scientific community and the media. Mitch Kapor, founder of Lotus Development Corporation, called the concept of a technological singularity "concept Intelligent IQ of 140 people … The proposal that we move to that point where everything will be just incredibly differentt is fundamentally, in my opinion, driven by a religious impulse. And frantic arm waving all can not hide this fact for me. "
VR pioneer Jaron Lanier has been a harshest critics of Kurzweil's ideas, describing them as totalism ybernetic (totalitarianism), and set out his views on the culture surrounding the forecasts Kurzweil Edge.org in an essay entitled to half of a manifesto.
Pulitzer Prize winner Douglas Hofstadter, author of Gdel, Escher, Bach said of Kurzweil and Hans Moravec's books: "It's like you took a lot of very good food and dog feces and mix it all so that you can not perhaps understand what is good or bad. It is an intimate mixture of rubbish and good ideas, and it is very difficult to disentangle the two, because are smart people, they are not stupid. "
Although the idea of a technological singularity is a popular concept in science fiction authors like Neal Stephenson and Bruce Sterling have expressed skepticism about the plausibility of the real world. Sterling expressed his views on the scenario of singularity in a speech to the Long Now Foundation, entitled The Singularity: Your Future as a black hole. Other leading thinkers and researchers in computer AI as Daniel Dennett, Rodney Brooks, David Gelernter, and have also criticized the projections Kurzweil.
Bill Joy, cofounder of Sun Microsystems, agree with the timing of Kurzweil progress future, but believes that technologies such as AI, nanotechnology and advanced biotechnology will create a dystopian world.
Daniel Lyons writes Newsweek criticized for some of Kurzweil's predictions prove false, such as the economy continues to prosper from 1998 dot-com in 2009, an American company with a market capitalization of more than $ 1 trillion, a petaflops supercomputer resulted in 20, speech recognition is widely used and cars are driven using sensors embedded in roads, all by 2009. To the charge that 20 petaflop supercomputer was not produced in time he predicted, Kurzweil said he believes a supercomputer giant Google, and it is capable 20 petaflops.
Biologist PZ Myers criticized Kurzweil's predictions as based on "New Age spiritualism" rather than science and said that Kurzweil does not understand basic biology. Myers also said that Kurzweil picks and chooses events that seem to demonstrate an exponential increase request technology leading to a singularity, and ignores the events that do not.
See also
Accelerating Change
Paradigm shift
simulated reality
Singularity University
Technological singularity
Transhumanism
Transcendent Rights (film)
Medicine predictive
Sequencing the complete genome
References
^ Inventor of the Week
^ KurzweilAI.net
^ Piano performance is viewed at the beginning of his interview on C-SPAN CSPAN-2 Book TV November 5, 2006
^ Intel Science Talent Search AB (STS): Former STS and their honors
^ Http: / / www.kurzweiltech.com / raybio.html
^ Links.jstor.org
^ See details at: http://investing.businessweek.com/businessweek/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=542059.
^ The smartest (or the nuttiest) futurist on Earthay 14, 2007
^ Raymond Kurzweil AB to the Internet Movie Database
^ Kushner, David (February 19, 2009), "When man and machine merger," Rolling Stone, http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/25939914/when_man__machine_merge
^ Age of intelligent people rises
^ "Coming to a cinema http://www.wired.com/entertainment/hollywood/news/2007/11/kurzweil_qa near you: the singularity ".. Retrieved 12/01/2008.
^ The singularity Film Release Date
^ "Transcend: Nine steps to live well for ever." Http://www.rayandterry.com/transcend/.
^ "H + Interview Magazine Winter 2009". http://www.hplusmagazine.com/articles/ai/ray-kurzweil-h-interview.
^ Http: / / www.kurzweiltech.com / rayspeakerbio.html
^ Survival of the Machines
^ Http://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS106533+03-Jan-2008+PRN20080103
^ ACM Awards: Grace Murray Hopper Award
^ ACM: Fellows Award / Raymond Kurzweil
^ Engineer of the Year Hall of Fame, 12/06/2007
^ Dickson Prize
^ Company Name New Members
^ National Medal of Technology recipients, Administration Technology
^ The National Medal of Technology
Telluride Tech Festival ^
^ Winners' Circle: Raymond Kurzweil
^ Lemelson-MIT Prize
^ Ray Kurzweil Inventor Profile
^ Hall of Fame Overview
Hall of Fame 2002 ^
^ Http: / / www.kurzweilai.net/news/frame.html?main=/news/news_single.html?id=10468
^ Http://www.kurzweiltech.com/raycv.html abcdefghijklmn
http://www.planetpatent.com/Articles/RayKurzweilLandmarkInventions.htm ^
^ Http: / / www.mcgill.ca/newsroom/news/item/?item_id=100220
^ Http://www.clarkson.edu/news/view.php?id=2249
^ Singinst.org
lifeboat.com ^
^ sfgate.com
^ Http: / / singularityu.org / about / faq /
^ Nanotech could give global warming a Big Chill (July 2006)
^ Machines to match man by 2029. News from the BBC. 16/02/2008. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7248875.stm. Retrieved 17/02/2008.
^ ab "In Depth: Ray Kurzweil. CSPAN-2. TV Book. 05/11/2006. Retrieved on 2007-02-20. http://web.archive.org/web/20070220014203/http://www.booktv.org/feature/index.asp?segid=7515&schedID=457. Retrieved 17/02/2008. At 85, 147, 167 and 173 minutes after an interview 3:00
^ "In Depth: Ray Kurzweil (RealAudio). TV Book. http://www.booktv.org/ram/feature/1106/arc_btv110506_4.ram. Retrieved 17/02/2008. Direct link to 3:00 Kurzweil interview
^ "The law of Accelerating Returns "
Fleeing the dot.com era ^: decreased use of the Internet
^
^ IBM Extends Moore's Law the third dimension
^ Ray Kurzweil singularity Guy Vice magazine. April 2009
^ YouTube Video: The Singularity of Ray Kurzweil
News ^ Wired: "Never Say Die: Live Forever"
^ Glenn Beck Interview with Ray Kurzweil
^ Five myths about water
^ Ray Kurweil Discusses Alkaline Water and ionized
^ Quackwatch.org article on resveratrol
^ Travel fantasic
Terry Ray and ^
^ The list of Quackwatch.org 'supplements, etc.
^ Ab Simon Young and Robert A. Freitas (2005). Designer Evolution, p. 372, Prometheus Books, ISBN 13-9781591022909.
^ O'Keefe, Brian (2007-05-02). "The smartest (or the nuttiest) futurist on Earth ". Fortune. http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2007/05/14/100008848/. Retrieved 28/08/2008.
^ Lanier, Jaron. "Half of a" Manifesto. Edge.org. http://www.edge.org/3rd_culture/lanier/lanier_p1.html. Retrieved 28/08/2008.
^ Ross, Greg. "An interview with Douglas R. Hofstadter. American Scientist. http://www.americanscientist.org/bookshelf/pub/douglas-r-hofstadter. Retrieved 28/08/2008.
^ Miller, Robin (20.10.2004). "Neal Stephenson answered with wit and humor." Slashdot. http://interviews.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=04/10/20/1518217. Retrieved 28/08/2008. "My thoughts are more in line with those of Jaron Lanier, who points out that if the equipment could be getting faster all the time, the software is crap (I am paraphrasing his argument). And without software to do something useful with all that hardware, there is no material more than one heater really complicated. "
^ Brand, Stewart (14/06/2004). Bruce Sterling – "The singularity: Your Future like a black hole. "The Long Now Foundation. Http: / / blog.longnow.org/2004/06/14/bruce-sterling-the-singularity-your-future-as-a-black hole /. Retrieved 2009 – 06-08.
^ Sterling, Bruce. "The singularity: your future as a black hole" (MP3). Http://media.longnow.org/seminars/salt-0200406-sterling/salt-0200406-sterling.mp3. "It's an end of the concept of history, and like most of the concepts of end of history is his age."
^ Dennett, Daniel. "The Reality Club: Half of a" Manifesto. Edge.org. Dennett http://www.edge.org/discourse/jaron_manifesto.html #. "I'm glad Lanier entertains the feeling that Dawkins and I (and Hofstadter and others) "see a logical flaw that isolates [our thinking] eschatological implications" prepared by Kurzweil and Moravec. It right. For my part, do not see a defect, and I expect Dawkins and Hofstadter would say the same thing. "
^ Brooks, Rodney. "The Reality Club: Half of a" Manifesto. Edge.org. # http://www.edge.org/discourse/jaron_manifesto.html streams. "I am not Totally agree with Moravec and Kurzweil predictions for an eschatological cataclysm, just in time for their own memories and thoughts and hood person be preserved before they could die. "
^ Transcript of debate on the feasibility of short-term AI (moderated by Rodney Brooks): "Gelernter, Kurzweil machine consciousness debate. KurzweilAI.net. # http://www.edge.org/discourse/jaron_manifesto.html streams.
^ Joy, Bill (April 2000). "Why the future does not need us." Wired. Http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/8.04/joy_pr.html. Retrieved 21/09/2008. "… Only in autumn 1998, I became concerned aware of how many are the dangers we face the 21st century. I can date the onset of my unease to the day I met Ray Kurzweil … "
^ Ab Lyon, Daniel (May 2009). "I Robot. "Newsweek. Http://www.newsweek.com/id/197812/page/2. Retrieved 22/05/2009." During the height of the dotcom bubble in 1998, Kurzweil predicts that the economy to keep right on growing through 2009 (and until 2019, actually) and that an American company (it does not say who) would have a capitalization market of over $ 1 trillion. Not far from there. Kurzweil also predict-DE, by 2009 a supercomputer will be able to run top 20 deals quadrillion per second (20 petaflops computer jargon), the same as that of human brain. In fact, the top supercomputer just to break the petaflop a markhough Kurzweil says he believes all of Google to a giant supercomputer and is, indeed, capable of 20 petaflops scene. Kurzweil predicts that, now, our cars would be able to lead by communicating with intelligent sensors embedded in roads, and that speech recognition would widely used. "
^ Lyons, Daniel (May 2009). "I, Robot". Newsweek. http://www.newsweek.com/id/197812. Retrieved 24/07/2009. "Yet many people think that Kurzweil is crazy and / or full-product of some common disorder of biological functions. They include PZ Myers, biologist at the University of Minnesota, Morris, who has used his blog to make fun of armchair futurist Kurzweil and others, according to Myers, be based on junk science and not understanding the basic biology. "I am completely baffled by popularity Kurzweil, and in particular respect he gets in some quarters, since its claims were simply not hold up to critical scrutiny even by accident, "wrote Myers. He says Kurzweil Singularity theories are closer to a religious movement illusion that they are to science. "It's a New spiritualismhat Age is all it is, "Myers says. "Even the geeks want to find God somewhere, and it provides Kurzweil for them."
^ Myers Zachary Paul (February 2009). "Singularity singularly stupid". Http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2009/02/singularly_silly_singularity.php. This document from 24/07/2009.
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Raymond Kurzweil
website Kurzweil Companies
KurzweilAI.net – a vast resource, including some of his books for free
Raymond Kurzweil IP – all U.S. patents Raymond Kurzweil and patent applications
Ray and Terry's Longevity Program
Singularity University, Ray Kurzweil, the Chancellor
Male transcendent – Official Site. Films of Ray Kurzweil
Singularity Movie is Near (2009) – Official Website
The Singularity A complete documentary on the Singularity (2010) – Official Website
Big Think Ray Kurzweil official page
Machine Dreams – CIO Magazine interview, October 15, 2004
Warfighting in the 21st century – the remote control, robotics, robust, small, virtual reality Paradigm – Keynote Address, 24th Army Science Conference, November 29, 2004
TED Talks: Ray Kurzweil on how technology transforms us at TED 2005 (audio / video)
Robot Wars – News @ nature site interview, February 8, 2005
The future, just around the bend, The Economist March 10, 2005
The Council on Foreign Relations; Tomorrow exponential growth from exponential shrinking technology, November 30, 2005
Interview on NPR's Talk Nation Science Friday – December 23, 2005
The Singularity Summit at Stanford, May 2006
Human v 2.0: Ray Kurzweil vs. Hugo de Garis on October 24, 2006
November 25th Annual Conference of the Army Science 27, 2006 hosted web presentation, slides, video
Debate between Ray Kurzweil and David Gelernter at MIT on November 30, 2006
Web 3.0 – How the next version of Internet will prepare us for the Singularity December 11, 2006
– The Edge Annual Question – 2007; What are you optimistic about? Why?
Interview with Ray Kurzweil and Ray Kurzweil samples honor Interwoven GearUp Podcast
Ray Kurzweil interview on C-SPAN2 Book TV, three hours in length
The smartest futurist on Earth – CNN Money article May 2, 2007
Accelerating change in presentation strategies for engineered negligible senescence (SENS), Third Conference, Queens' College, Cambridge, England, September 9, 2007
Glenn Beck interview with Ray Kurzweil, May 30, 2008 and the transcript of the interview.
Interview on NPR Talk of the Nation Science Friday – June 6, 2008
Audio: Ray Kurzweil in the conversation on the program of the BBC World Service Discussion Forum
Raymond Kurzweil at the Internet Movie Database
Personality
NAME
Kurzweil, Raymond
Alternative Names
OUTLINE
Author, Scientist, and futuristic
DATE OF BIRTH
February 12, 1948
PLACE OF BIRTH
Queens, New York, United States
DATE OF DEATH
PLACE OF DEATH
Categories: 1948 births | American Health and Wellness writers | American science writers | American technology writers | Artificial intelligence researchers | Austrian-American Jews Fellows | Association Computers for futurists | Machinery | Grace Murray Hopper Award laureates | Lemelson-MIT Prize | life extension | Birth | Massachusetts Institute of Technology former | National Inventors Hall of Fame | National Medal of Technology recipients | Singularitarianism transhumanists | | ImmortalityHidden Categories: HCards articles | Wikipedia needs additional references from June 2009 | All articles lacking sources | All articles lacking sources | Articles lacking sources with declarations January 2008 | Articles that may contain original research from December 2007 | All articles that may contain original research | Articles with obsolete information | Cleaning cleaning section | Wikipedia external links spam | Wikipedia cleanup About the Author
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